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The AIA Project Delivery Knowledge Community (PD) promotes the architect’s leadership role in all project delivery methods by assembling and distributing knowledge and best practices for a variety of project delivery methods, e.g. design-build (DB), integrated project deliveries (IPD), and public-private partnerships (P3).
  

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  • 1.  Teamwork depends on a truly Collaborative Project Delivery Method

    Posted 10-26-2012 01:09 PM
    This message has been cross posted to the following Discussion Forums: Practice Management Member Conversations and Project Delivery .
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    We all talk a lot about Teamwork among Owner-Architect-Builder, but actually enabling it depends on the following...

     1.  Any chance of cooperative Teaming is determined at the very start of any project--NOT just at the bidding of construction--by the owner's choice of project delivery method.   The chosen method has to contractually align interests of the owner, designer and builder in order to allow them to function as true partners on the same team with the same contractual incentives and motivations.  Otherwise, 'partnering' is just an idealistic pretense that has to fly in the face of very real, too-often insurmountable, contractual obstacles and profit disincentives. 
     
    2
    . There can be no expectation of "project teamwork" unless all the project's players are contractually on the SAME side of the SAME team.  Any delivery method where one party profits at the other's expense is NOT a team arrangement.  This may sound obvious, but in the typically contentious low-bid D-B-B and Design-Build delivery methods, an Owner is essentially paying the Contractor to be their opponent instead, resulting in contractual I-win-you-lose profit incentives to aggressively substitute, exploit loopholes, cut corners and make change order claims due to 'defective design documents', all of which slow down progress, defeat noble partnering ideals and increase costs for everyone. 
     
    3. Successful projects do not just 'happen'-they require teamwork.  And successful teamwork requires far more than just lip service:  all team members have to contractually be on the same side, with the same transparent open-book, non-conflicting motivation to achieve the same goals for the same client, start to finish.  Traditional low-bid, no-peek Design-Bid-Build and Design-Build delivery methods impose on contractors self-interest incentives that are exactly opposite to the interests of the Owner and Architect.  The only method that can guarantee an Owner that their project will stay within a financially feasible budget and schedule-and do it in a true team effort with the Owner and their A/E-is a modified "Collaborative" version of CM at-Risk, a practical transitional step toward Integrated Project Delivery.
     
    4. In the Collaborative version of CM at-Risk, CMR, the best-qualified (and fully-bonded, if desired) CM/GC builder is selected jointly by Owner and Architect via Qualifications Based Selection, QBS, to work open-book on a competitive fixed-fee basis to keep the project on a guaranteed early-GMP and schedule.  The CMR/builder is thus contractually incentivized to work as an actual team member with-not against, for a change-the Owner's staff and the A/E from early planning through completion of construction.  It works.

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    Dale Munhall AIA
    Director of Contract Administration
    Leo A. Daly
    Omaha NE
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  • 2.  RE:Teamwork depends on a truly Collaborative Project Delivery Method

    Posted 10-29-2012 05:55 AM
    Agree fully. 
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    Karl Hartnack AIA
    Component Past President
    Hartnack Architecture
    Duesseldorf

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  • 3.  RE:Teamwork depends on a truly Collaborative Project Delivery Method

    Posted 10-29-2012 11:09 AM
    Mr. Munhall.  The approach that you describe is only one small baby step toward true integration, and misses the mark on the most significant source of value that integration can create, and that is; design that is informed by the construction and fabrication processes.

    The process you describe is not significantly different than CM at risk, which will never put all team members on the same side "contractually" because there are always separate contracts for the designer and constructor in this process.  Your analogy "on the same side" does not make any sense.  The only way that all team members can be "on the same contractual side" is to literally be on the same side by being governed under the "same contract."  This requires a design-build type of agreement.  No consulting firm such as Leo Daly would want to enter into such an agreement so long as they could remain in control of the project in an arrangement such as you describe, which places the construction firm(s) in a sumbissive role, and under which the design firm takes no risk.

    This is the ongoing battle in the industry for control between the construction side and design side.  Truly integrated design-build does not require GMP, contingency, E&O change orders or "open book."  It is guaranteed lump sum contract.  It is so simple, yet so foreign only because design firms and CM firms alike have little interest in it, because they have built their entire business model on the inefficiencies created by the desparate CM/GMP process, and change is very threatening to them.

    The answer is not complex.  Getting the industry to accept it is highly complex.

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    Alan Burcope AIA, MBA, LEED AP
    Architect
    Finfrock
    Orlando FL
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