By Tomás Méndez Echenagucia and Renee Cheng, FAIA
The architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has been notoriously lagging in productivity when compared to other industries [1, 2] . When studying the reason for this, analysts point their fingers at a wide range of issues, from real estate dynamics, to lack of innovation, regulation, risk aversion, inability to work well across disciplinary differences, and lack of digitalization among others. Many of those reasons are somewhat inherent to the AEC industry, given the products it creates. Buildings are quite large and costly, location specific, and land use intensive. They require ...