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The Construction Contract Administration Knowledge Community (CCA) has been established to help our members better understand the issues, actions and resultant impact of the decisions required in this often neglected part of Project Delivery. It is our goal to provide clear answers to issues of concern to the Institute’s membership and share case studies and best practices. We further hope to provide guidance and direction in developing guidelines for new and evolving approaches to Project Delivery as well as guidance in the continuing education of our emerging young professionals.

     

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Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

  • 1.  Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 10-31-2023 02:48 PM

    Over the past few years, the lack of skilled labor and knowledge gaps in the construction field have affected A/E professionals. Does it seem like more time, effort, and energy is spent hand-holding, explaining, and at times even mentoring construction staff? How are others dealing with this, especially in regard to keeping up the quality of work while staying within allocated hours? 



    ------------------------------
    Shaili Patel AIA
    Colby Company Engineering
    Rochester NH
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-01-2023 05:55 PM

    I agree completely. I feel as if every project that starts construction I need to educate the construction team how to number submittals, how to route submittals, that they need to actually review a submittal (not just rubber stamp it and pass it through), how to write an RFI that makes sense to the receiver (and why that is important), etc.  The list is endless. I do not see this improving either. Unfortunately while the era of "electronic" submittals has helped us all, there are facets of this that need to be fixed.  

    I would love to hear how others are dealing with this problem - I cannot believe it is only happening to us.  

    Dan Piper, Principal, Construction Administration

    The Preston Partnership, LLC



    ------------------------------
    Daniel Piper AIA, Principal, Construction Administration
    The Preston Partnership LLC
    Atlanta, GA
    ------------------------------



  • 3.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-02-2023 06:30 PM

    Daniel:

    I completely agree. Contractors continue to eschew areas of responsibility and would prefer to have nothing to do with any form of review, coordination, or approval. We are fortunate to have submittal reflect the specified products, much less be coordinated with other aspects of the project or have shop drawings comply with requirements and demonstrate an understanding of the project's scope.

     

    I find it is critical to assure that my Section 01400 Submittal Procedures is highly detailed, including layout out the required process and even the required numbering format. Next, I review it, in detail, at the Pre-Construction meeting. Then, unfortunately, I commonly must reject one or more submittals for non-compliance without even reviewing in detail. I call my first pass at any review "triage" as I am first determining if the submittal is even acceptable to be reviewed and determining if it needs to be rejected, or can be placed in the queue for full review. Finally, once it is sufficiently complete for review, I will review and provide a detailed response, frequently requiring resubmittal. If acceptable to return as "Reviewed as Noted" but it has some items that I wish to assure are understood, I will still require a corrected resubmittal for record. It adds a bit of effort, but it assures that the Contractor, subs, and suppliers have paid attention to the notations.

     

    It is not happening only to you. It is universal. Unfortunately, many architects do not perform thorough submittal reviews and allow contractors to get by with poor submittals that cause problems later in the project. When contractors are then required to do their job and actually provide meaningful submittals, they no longer know how.

     

    Also, many subcontractors do not understand how to prepare shop drawings. They are NOT to use our drawings and they are to convey, in great detail, how they intend to construct or fabricate their work. They seem to think it is a meaningless exercise.

     

    A "Reviewed as Noted" submittal is rare on the first submission, and a "Reviewed" submittal is almost non-existent. I share your frustration!!

     

    Kindest regards,

    Mark

     

    Mark I. Baum, Architect, AIA

    1493040264519_PastedImage

     






  • 4.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-02-2023 06:44 PM

    Consider adding in your Division 01 specifications (Section 011000* or 013000*) a qualification that the Construction Manager's Project Coordinator or the Contractor's Project Administrator have at least a Construction Document Technologist (CDT), or better yet Certified Construction Contract Administrator (CCCA) certification from CSI.

    (When you ask for their certification at project kickoff meeting, you'll quickly find out if they even read Division 01 :-)

    Until Architects demand this, we'll all continue to waste time in the CA phase training them.

    And by the way, it would be good to get yours too!



    ------------------------------
    Donald Koppy , CSI, CCS, CDT, AIA, NCARB
    Mead & Hunt
    ------------------------------



  • 5.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-02-2023 07:10 PM
    Good idea but the root of the problem is also with the subcontractors and suppliers. Obtaining performance at all levels is virtually impossible.

    Mark I. Baum, Architect, AIA
    Principal

    Mark I. Baum Architect LLC
    M 504.330.8782
    markb@MIBArch.com
    www.MIBArch.com




  • 6.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-04-2023 08:14 AM
    Mark,
    The real root problem lies on the onus with the GC’s that don’t read the spec and communicate to their subs their general conditions, including how to simply process submittals. This is because they may have contractually allowed themselves to do so with the Owner / Contractor contract.

    You’ve identified the right process the architect takes by including all the Submittal instructions in the Contract Documents project manual. The Submittal process (including submittal schedule requirements) is also included in the Architect / Owner A201 General Conditions. This document frequently gets passed over during the Owner / Contractor agreement, at times are rewritten for the GCs benefit, eliminating any references to the A/O 201 General Conditions. How often are architects privy to reviewing the Owner / Contractor contract prior to the Owners signing off on their contract terms? Very seldom. How often have you received a Submittal Schedule at the 10th day after the Owners NTP? If so it’s never adhered to for many GC reasons in material costs, availability, contract with subs and so forth.

    What has become a bigger problem is that the GC tends to have the ear of the Owners more so than the architects, in pleading their case for material changes, construction methods, cost savings areas, substitutions and deductions, value engineering and on and on, giving them a hero’s leg up in the owners eye during PreCon and ultimately the Construction stage in building their project.

    This sets the stage for the GC to feel free to get by with less effort in many areas (submittals included) , for the benefit of the GC’s bottom line profit margin.

    Thank you for any reply.

    The Other Donald

    Sent from my iPhone




  • 7.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-04-2023 10:11 AM
    The Other Donald,
    You make some good points. Personally, I have not had an issue with the Owner being a party to circumvent the A201 at the behest of an aggressive contractor although I have seen it. To a large extent, though, IMO Architects fail in their understanding of the A201 and Division 01, and do not enforce the Contract requirements. Frequently, the Architect fails to exert its authority, particularly small firm architects.

    Yes, obtaining a valid and meaningful submittal schedule is difficult and obtaining it within the proscribed time is virtually impossible - the subcontracts may not even be bought out by then. That said, most such schedules are BS, and must be rejected until they reflect an orderly and logical progression. More attention to the requirements of this important schedule must be given in the Contract Documents.

    The submittal schedule is also an important tool for fighting delay claims. For example, if a GC is late in making its submittal and, therefore, is late in ordering materials, that can be a counter argument when the GC later claims a delay for an issue related to that product. Had the submittal been made timely, the issue is likely to have been discovered earlier, mitigating any claimed delay.

    The failure is on the contractors, subs, and suppliers but our profession is not doing a good job in enforcing contract requirements which, in turn, is exacerbating the problem. I see the deer in the headlights look when I require contractors to actually perform the PM tasks that are standard to most construction contracts. Also, the issue is not just submittals, as it pertains to schedules, documentation on costs for changes, etc., etc.

    Mark I. Baum, Architect, AIA
    Principal

    Mark I. Baum Architect LLC
    M 504.330.8782
    markb@MIBArch.com
    www.MIBArch.com




  • 8.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-03-2023 05:31 PM

    To answer your question, if this is happening in other industries, the answer is a frightening "yes". Recall the United flight from Maui to SFO? The NTSB investigation (also a delayed investigation based on news reports which is even scarier) revealed that there was miscommunication between the pilots whom were relatively young as compared to the norm. They were flying a Boeing 777 which comes into 2 variants, the 200 (short version) and 300 (long version). That day they were flying the 200. Each variant has different take-off flap settings. That day one pilot assumed a 300 flat setting and this contributed to the steep decent toward the ocean and it took a while for them to figure out, but ended up less than 800 feet from the sea! Not to mention the G forces that the passengers felt during decent and ascent! This is an extreme example, but it just reminds me that we really need to train the young professionals who will be the future leaders. Its our duty as professionals who are protecting the public's life, safety and welfare. I have seen a declining staff quality level in some construction sites along with decline in construction quality. I also had to explain the who RFI, submittal routing process to the contractors project engineering team! I was in shock, but luckily the your project engineers were eager and willing to learn. I do like Donald's suggestion of some staff having a CDT or CCCA certificate. I feel that certificate has helped me be better at CCA. 



    ------------------------------
    Daniel Guich, NCARB, CDT, LEED ap
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 12:34 PM

    I do wish we could include the requirements suggested by Mr. Koppy that the Contractor's personnel have the certifications offered by CSI. Alas, it is not a best practice to specify requirements we cannot demand and obtain, even if it would be in the Contractor's interest to have adequately educated and trained personnel. In the absence of these qualifications, I strongly recommend that the construction team read the specifications - no matter how foreign a concept this is. That includes the architect, who should enforce the requirements for a well-attended preconstruction meeting (013100 PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND COORDINATION) where submittal requirements are to be reviewed. We've helped quite a few of our architect clients' young project architects navigate their first CA assignment by walking them through Division 01 General Requirements. 013100 even includes an agenda for their meeting. You can't enforce requirements if you do not know they are there. And you are not required to certify payments to the Contractor if they are not fulfilling the requirements of the Contract Documents. 



    ------------------------------
    Philip Kabza AIA
    SpecGuy Specifications Consultants
    Mount Dora FL
    ------------------------------



  • 10.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 01:03 PM

    Philip, Do not understand your comment "Alas, it is not a best practice to specify requirements we cannot demand and obtain, even if it would be in the Contractor's interest to have adequately educated and trained personnel."

    Do we not specify many requirements for the qualifications of the installers to execute the work in Divisions 02-49?

    How is that different from the specifying qualifications for the execution of the work defined in Division 01 - General Requirements?

    Please clarify.

    Don



    ------------------------------
    Donald Koppy
    Mead & Hunt
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 01:23 PM

    Donald: When we include qualification requirements such as ACI certifications, NRCA Cert qualifications, etc., we must make some effort to ensure that those qualifications are adequately present in the marketplace. Otherwise there are going to be time-consuming RFIs or disputes down the road. The case can be made for something like "CSI CCCA cerfication or comparable qualifications acceptable to Architect" which would work provided we knew what it meant. There would not be time between issuing a bid set and commencing work for an unqualified staff member to obtain the training. And a first-year field engineer could study and pass the CCCA but still not bring the experience needed. I like the idea of alerting the industry to these excellent certification programs, but we would need to stipulate more than one option for providing the personnel we need. Maybe start with "grey hair?" 



    ------------------------------
    Philip Kabza AIA
    SpecGuy Specifications Consultants
    Mount Dora FL
    ------------------------------



  • 12.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 01:43 PM
    Phil,
    I agree that requiring such certifications would be problematic on smaller projects but not so much on large projects. Your idea of multiple paths to proficiency is a good approach but also VERY difficult to obtain compliance.

    Mark I. Baum, Architect, AIA
    Principal

    Mark I. Baum Architect LLC
    M 504.330.8782
    markb@MIBArch.com
    www.MIBArch.com




  • 13.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 01:51 PM

    Philip, Agree with the grey-hair spec, but I'm still missing something here.  The only reason ACI, NCRA, and all the other certifications we require exist in the construction industry marketplace is because we specified them!  The Contractors don't get these certs during bidding, they have people already certified.  

    Once we specify CDT/CCCA as a requirement, they will become commonplace. Just like LEED Certifications became commonplace almost overnight in our slow-to-evolve construction industry!



    ------------------------------
    Donald Koppy
    Mead & Hunt
    ------------------------------



  • 14.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 01:57 PM

    Donald: I'm all for giving this a try. We just have to figure out the equitable way of getting there and give adequate warning to the local industry that this is coming. We accomplished a similar effort in North Carolina years back by requiring certified Firestopping installers when we got tired of projects failing a CO. 



    ------------------------------
    Philip Kabza AIA
    SpecGuy Specifications Consultants
    Mount Dora FL
    ------------------------------



  • 15.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 02:09 PM

    Phil and Donald:

    Although I do see an issue with small contractor's ability to comply, I would rather have the requirement in the Contract Documents and deal with compliance issues than never having it in the first place. I am so frustrated right now with poor quality submittals, I am contemplating writing a paper and preparing a webinar on this topic for the AIA Contract Document Learn site. Any input of resources defining best practices and industry standards would be appreciated.

     

    Kindest regards,

    Mark

     

    Mark I. Baum, Architect, AIA

    1493040264519_PastedImage

     






  • 16.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-07-2023 02:22 PM

    For those willing to join us in improving Contractor's following Division 01, here is our current language we've added to Section 013000 - Administrative Requirements' General Administrative Requirements Article (in SpecLink).  

    Contractor to identify a Project Administrator who will manage and control all general administrative requirements for the Contractor as listed in this Section.
    Contractor's Project Administrator must hold a current Construction Document Technologist (CDT), or Certified Construction Contract Administrator (CCCA) certification from the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)
    If you are already specifying a Project Coordinator (for a CM/Multi-Prime project), similar language can be used. 
    Add the Project Administrator to O/AC meetings specified in other Sections in a lead role. 
    If you have recommended improvement to this language, please reply!


    ------------------------------
    Donald Koppy
    Mead & Hunt
    ------------------------------



  • 17.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-08-2023 06:21 PM

    I really think this needs to come from the Owner because that is the only way it becomes an actual job requirement.  Phil is correct in that we cannot enforce this, and in the west, if we put this requirement in the specs, we would be laughed out of the meeting as being unreasonable and over-reaching.  However, we have had examples in various states when the Owner made the CDT/CCCA a requirement, then we started seeing personnel with those credentials.  The bulk of the projects I work on are design/build and we get tremendous push-back from the contractors regarding requirements for their personnel.  In most cases, they simply say "its not possible".  And since they are technically our employer, we don't have a way to counter them. 

    (and I think it would be useful to have some data showing that such a certification actually provides value to the owner in terms of cost and/or time saving.  My guess is that objective data like that simply does not exist.)

     

    ANNE WHITACRE  FCSI, CCS, Associate AIA, LEED AP BD+C
    Principal  |  Sr. Specification Writer

    HOK
    One Bush Street, Suite 200  |  San Francisco, CA 94104 USA
    t +1 415 356 8685  m +1 510 388 4333  anne.whitacre@hok.com

    hok.com  |  privacy policy






  • 18.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-16-2023 12:07 PM

    Having spent half my career in design/build, it was paramount to create an efficient process to handle construction administrative tasks and negate wasted time/effort and associated schedule delays. Having a trained project administrator was key to creating this efficiency.

    Don't see how requiring a CSI certified/trained individual administrate submittals and RFI's is any different from having an Autodesk-certified VDC Manager administrate the process to handle the Drawings/Models, a project scheduler have certification in their CPM software, or a USGBC certified person administrate LEED requirements.

    The AIA was originally formed back in late 19th century specifically to address the diminishing influence of our architecture profession, due to the contractors' (specifically design/builders') growing control of Owners.  Maybe the AIA members have become too distracted by other causes to remember that and are willing to forego our seat at the OAC table.  Especially when it comes to project management and construction administration.

    If you want to improve our profession, recommend you take back the lead.



    ------------------------------
    Donald Koppy
    Mead & Hunt
    ------------------------------



  • 19.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-16-2023 12:08 PM
    We can strengthening the initiative 





  • 20.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-16-2023 12:08 PM

    Having spent half my career in design/build, it was paramount to create an efficient process to handle construction administrative tasks and negate wasted time/effort and associated schedule delays. Having a trained project administrator was key to creating this efficiency.

    Don’t see how requiring a CSI certified/trained individual administrate submittals and RFI’s is any different from having an Autodesk-certified VDC Manager administrate the process to handle the Drawings/Models, a project scheduler have certification in their CPM software, or a USGBC certified person administrate LEED requirements.

    The AIA was formed back in late 19th century specifically to address the diminishing influence of our architecture profession, due to the contractors’ (specifically design/builders’) growing control of Owners.  Maybe the AIA members have become too distracted by other causes to remember that and are willing to forego our seat at the OAC table.  Especially when it comes to project management and construction administration.

    If we want to improve our profession, take back our seat.



    ------------------------------
    Donald Koppy
    Mead & Hunt
    ------------------------------


  • 21.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-09-2023 02:21 PM
    This is the kind of active discussion we need in this forum.  Good job!


    Tom


    Thomas J. Donoghue, AIA, LEED AP
    DONOGHUE Project Consulting
    2354 Rexford Drive, Pittsburgh, PA 15241
     
    412 605-7045
     
    This message is confidential and intended for named recipients only.






  • 22.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-16-2023 12:09 PM

    Having spent half my career in design/build, it was paramount to create an efficient process to handle construction administrative tasks and negate wasted time/effort and associated schedule delays. Having a trained project administrator was key to creating this efficiency.

    Don't see how requiring a CSI certified/trained individual administrate submittals and RFI's is any different from having an Autodesk-certified VDC Manager administrate the process to handle the Drawings/Models, a project scheduler have certification in their CPM software, or a USGBC certified person administrate LEED requirements.

    The AIA was formed back in late 19th century specifically to address the diminishing influence of our architecture profession, due to the contractors' (specifically design/builders') growing control of Owners.  Maybe the AIA members have become too distracted by other causes to remember that and are willing to forego our seat at the OAC table.  Especially when it comes to project management and construction administration.

    If we want to improve our profession, we need to take back our seat.



    ------------------------------
    Donald Koppy
    Mead & Hunt
    ------------------------------



  • 23.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-16-2023 12:41 PM

    As long as I have been a member of CSI (and its been a long time),  I just don't see that CSI addresses design build with enough content to be helpful.  I am not certain that having a CSI trained  project administrator on the architect's side will make any difference at all, because the CDT  just is too far behind the curve  on this topic.  In addition, on most of our design/build projects much of the submittal handling and processing is outlined either in our contract with the contractor/builder, or as part of the owner/design-builder contract.  However, I do think the basic tenets of the CDT would be helpful for those on the Contractor side.  I respond to Bluebeam comments every single day and it is readily apparent to me that many of our contractor partners don't understand the concept of "the documents are addressed to the General Contractor and do not purport to describe subcontract scope"  and that some items that get marked up are really contractual issues between the contractor and the owner and that an RFI is not the correct way to submit a substitution request.  These items regularly come up in bluebeam comment discussion meetings with the team.

     

    ANNE WHITACRE  FCSI, CCS, Associate AIA, LEED AP BD+C
    Principal  |  Sr. Specification Writer

    HOK
    One Bush Street, Suite 200  |  San Francisco, CA 94104 USA
    t +1 415 356 8685  m +1 510 388 4333  anne.whitacre@hok.com

    hok.com  |  privacy policy






  • 24.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-20-2023 03:33 PM

    Don't worry so much about the lack of skills in the marketplace.  Discover how to make money because of it.  



    ------------------------------
    MARK EKSUZIAN
    Mark Dean Associates, Inc.
    Newburgh NY
    ------------------------------



  • 25.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-20-2023 04:05 PM

    Mark Eksuzian:

    I would be interested to know how to "make money" due to the lack of contractor project management skills. In my experience and that of colleagues with whom I discuss these issues, our Owner clients are typically not inclined to pay additional services for dealing with contractors unless the situation becomes so extreme that it borders on default, or if there are excessive number of claims, etc., nor are they willing to risk counterclaims by charging architect's additional services back to the contractor. Further, architects are reticent to make such claims for additional services unless their hands are completely clean (we are never perfect), again at the risk of counterclaims.

     

    There is a great opportunity for architectural firms to provide services to contractors and subcontractors to draft shop drawings, prepare BIM models, etc., particular young firms with those skillsets and looking for ways to maintain staff, however, in my opinion it would be a conflict of interest to do so on projects on which one serves as the AOR.

     

    Please advise how you recommend turning these matters into a profit center.

     

    Kindest regards,

    Mark

     

    Mark I. Baum, Architect, AIA

    1493040264519_PastedImage

     






  • 26.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-20-2023 04:23 PM
    Interesting idea! In the example of architecture firms preparing shop drawings, I would caution that these fabrication drawings often are pretty specific and detailed. These drawings convey exactly how the contractor intends to build something that satisfies the intent of the contract documents. This makes me a little weary since the architect normally draws scope with some generic aspect to it and we allow the subs to come up with a specific way to build something. The architect would have to be extremely confident of what they are preparing or basically get a redline drawing /sketch from the fabricator of what to draw and in essence the architect became a draftsperson. Maybe this activity helps the younger staff get more educated on detailing. 

    Definity, the AOR should not be preparing shop drawings for their own project under construction. This would need to be stated in the contract between the sub and shop drawing preparing architecture firm. 
    I am interested in what others on this topic have to say about this potential revenue stream for firms. 

    Regards,

    Daniel Guich, NCARB, LEED ap, CDT 

    STUDIO CONVERGE 

    415.683.9600 

    daniel@studioconverge.com 

    www.studioconverge.com 







  • 27.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 11-20-2023 05:03 PM

    Agree, I was specific referring to firms with those skillsets. Personally, I would not do it although I might have early in my career. Its tedious and time sensitive work that might interfere with performing design work but could help some firms stay afloat. For example, I'm aware of a firm that has developed an expertise in developing complex geometries for fabrication using BIM tools. Certainly not for everyone.

     

    Kindest regards,

    Mark

     

    Mark I. Baum, Architect, AIA

    1493040264519_PastedImage

     






  • 28.  RE: Construction Market Conditions - Labor Force and Knowledge

    Posted 01-13-2024 12:37 PM

    100% the case. This is the exact reason I started my own general construction firm as well. As a small practitioner, I spent a lot of time babysitting contractors, constantly answering basic questions, and their inability to read drawings or just basic knowledge of process and constantly undermining me with the owner led me to do design build work. I provide architectural services through my PLLC, but also bid on projects as a contractor through my GC arm. It also seems most small project owners, tend to take the contractor more seriously or wiling to spend more money on contractor then the architect, which is usually seen just as a permit drawing commodity.  General contracting has its own challenges and running two businesses is not easy, but its a risk i have taken in order to take back the building process and become a master builder. 



    ------------------------------
    Arben Sela AIA
    BuildPlus Architecture PLLC
    West Nyack NY
    ------------------------------