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  • 1.  Performance-Based Building Codes

    Posted 07-03-2024 02:15 PM

    I am the vice chair of the International Code Council (ICC) Performance Code Committee, which is completely rewriting the ICC Performance Code (ICCPC). If you are unfamiliar with the ICCPC, you are not alone. US jurisdictions rarely adopt it; the content is somewhat disjointed and incomplete, and many professionals do not understand how performance-based codes work since prescriptive codes have been entrenched in the US for over a century. However, a performance-based building code is a format used by many governments worldwide (e.g., the United Kingdom, Australia, Japan, Netherlands, Sweden, and New Zealand). To learn more about performance-based building codes, Chapter 2 of a 1997 out-of-print book titled Performance-Based Building Design Concepts does a pretty good job explaining the concept.

    When I was on the AIA Codes and Standards Committee, AIA President Carl Elefante, FAIA, established a Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP) at our committee's request to "develop a vision for the adoption and application of building codes and standards to ensure they continue to act as valuable design tools in a resource-constrained future." One goal the BRP set was to "Transition to Outcome Based Building Codes and Standards" by 2033.

    I am continuing to work on meeting that goal by representing the AIA on the ICCPC Committee. Since the ICCPC is a comprehensive code (it will cover just about everything the entire suite of prescriptive I-Codes provides-and then some), the committee consists of professionals from all fields in the AECO industry. To familiarize committee members with aspects of building regulation and design outside their respective fields, some committee members and invited presenters give 30-minute educational sessions during our monthly meetings on their areas of expertise. As one of the few token architects on the committee, I volunteered to give the architect's perspective on prescriptive and performance-based building codes.

    Rather than present my perspective, which is more than slightly biased in favor of building regulation, I have developed a survey to gather information on how architects generally perceive building codes and how receptive they would be to performance-based building codes.

    I would appreciate your participation in the survey if you currently practice architecture within a design firm. By my estimation, it should not take more than 10-15 minutes of your time.

    Here is the link: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/9ZZCXFJ

    The survey will end late at night on July 31st to allow me enough time to prepare my presentation, which is scheduled for August 8th.

    Please pass this on to colleagues and other architects (including intern architects) within your respective circles-the greater the participation, the more accurate the results.

    Thank you.



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    Ronald Geren, AIA, FCSI, Distinguished Member, CCS, CCCA, CDT, SCIP
    RLGA Technical Services LLC
    Scottsdale AZ
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  • 2.  RE: Performance-Based Building Codes

    Posted 07-22-2024 03:47 PM

    Thank you to all those who have already responded to the survey.

    For those who have not responded, the survey is still open (will remain open until July 31st.

    Your perspective on performance-based building codes will influence the development of this reimagined performance-based building code in the U.S. and possibly in other parts of the world. 



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    Ronald Geren, AIA, FCSI, Distinguished Member, CCS, CCCA, CDT, SCIP
    RLGA Technical Services LLC
    Scottsdale AZ
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  • 3.  RE: Performance-Based Building Codes

    Posted 07-29-2024 12:52 PM

    Hi Ronald,

    I've read the Blue Ribbon panel report (a few years ago, recalling that some of the goals was toward self certified) and just read the link to the Chapter 2 explainer. I still don't quite understand the way these codes would be applied, reviewed, approved, etc. I'm on the Washington State Building Code Council and chair the Energy Code TAG, so I'm fairly knowledgeable about the code process. Is there a better explainer about how the code is intended to work in practice? I'm hesitant to take the survey unless I understand what is meant by performance based codes per the ICC.

    Thanks,

    Kjell



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    Kjell Anderson FAIA
    LMN Architects
    Seattle WA
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  • 4.  RE: Performance-Based Building Codes

    Posted 07-31-2024 04:19 PM

    Hi Kjell

    In my read, the Blueribbon report's primary thrust was to recast the notions of 'Health Safety and Welfare' to include protection of the environment and community welfare far more broadly than the historic code focus on fire and life safety and structural stability.  The long term vision does indeed include a roadmap that would lead to licensed archtiects taking a more proactive role in code review and application as part of delivery of high performance buildings, but that longer term vision seems to me directly tied to this recasting of the broad objective of the codes themselves.  

    My own impression as an architect personally engaged in moving codes toward these broader objectives is that the processes used to shape the architects of the future has tended to move away from an emphasis on codes and standards and their development and application. 

    By way of background, I have served as a consultant to AIA California for the last 4 1/2 years in the area of codes and regulation.  In that time I have led an effort that brought forward the first mandatory embodied carbon measures in a building code, effective in California as of July 1st.  A separate but concurrent code change endeavor brought seven new chapters to California's existing building code, targeted to reduce embodied carbon emissions via building reuse/retrofit, as well as to repurpose our increasingly obsolete office and commercial buildings for housing and other needes uses.   In both these efforts, this Blue Ribbon Report was among the many references brought to the table.  The actual process of changing code is long, and very much in the weeds, and in that landscape there are few architects active.  

    The Blue Ribbon Report from 2019 is on line here:

    https://content.aia.org/sites/default/files/2019-06/ADV19_Disruption_Evolution_Change.pdf

    Aia remove preview



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    Michael Malinowski FAIA
    Sacramento CA
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  • 5.  RE: Performance-Based Building Codes

    Posted 07-31-2024 05:38 PM

    Kjell:

    Like any performance-based objectives, the performance criteria (i.e., end results) must be established, which allows the design team to select the means and methods of achieving the stated performance. Additionally, a method of verifying that performance has been met is also necessary. In most cases, the prescriptive code (e.g., the IBC) would be used as a deemed-to-satisfy source. For example, the IBC has minimum requirements for stairways, so if a building using the ICCPC includes stairs that comply with the IBC would not require any method of verification. However, if the stairs are part of a means egress system that has a limited travel distance per the IBC, but the design proposes a longer distance, the performance criteria would state that all occupants are required to egress the building within 30 minutes, and the means for verification would be to use an acceptable egress modeling program that shows egress would be under 30 minutes.

    The current ICCPC requires the design team to establish performance criteria that complies with the overarching performance requirements stated in the code. A goal for the reimagined ICCPC is to identify sources that could be used to establish minimum performance criteria. These sources could be U.S. or international standards and codes, thus minimizing the need for the design team to develop the criteria and then seeking approval from an AHJ that may be reluctant to accept criteria without some authoritative source.

    The ICCPC would be adopted similar to any other code adopted by a jurisdiction, and would like be available as an alternative to the prescriptive code and not as the primary adopted code. It is unlikely that a design team would design a building entirely based on the ICCPC. Portions of a building could use the ICCPC where unique design solutions are proposed or when unusual occupancies or uses are present. In most cases, the ICCPC would not be used for most building projects, and is best suited for complex projects that could benefit from the added effort required of performance-based codes. One method of reviewing would be to hire a qualified peer reviewer. Using a peer reviewer will offer the AHJ a level of comfort when approving a performanced-based design solution for permit.



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    Ronald Geren, AIA, FCSI, Distinguished Member, CCS, CCCA, CDT, SCIP
    RLGA Technical Services LLC
    Scottsdale AZ
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